In the 1980s, in order to meet the needs of ceramic engine development and the preparation of high-temperature ceramic components such as turbine rotors, the focus of ceramic injection molding research was on non-oxide high-temperature ceramic components such as silicon nitride and silicon carbide, especially the injection molding preparation of Si3N4, SiC turbine rotors, blades and sliding bearings for engines. At the same time, many high-performance, complex-shaped high-temperature structural ceramic products were successfully prepared, among which ceramic turbine rotors have been used in racing cars and military armored vehicles in Japan and the United States. At present, ceramic injection molding has been widely used in the molding of various ceramic powders and various engineering ceramic products. Various precision ceramic parts prepared by this process have been used in aviation, automobiles, machinery, energy, optical communications, life medicine and other fields.
In recent years, a new technology of ceramic microinjection molding (MicroInjectionMolding) has been developed. Due to the excellent mechanical, chemical and high-temperature resistance properties of structural ceramics, many micro-components (tens of microns to 1000 microns) in the microelectronics industry and micro-electromechanical systems need to use structural ceramic materials. Compared with other micro-machining technologies, micro-injection molding can form ceramic or metal powder into blanks of various shapes at one time, with low manufacturing cost and high efficiency, so it has become an advanced micro-molding manufacturing technology with the most application prospects. At present, some micro-ceramic parts of alumina, zirconium oxide, silicon nitride, lead zirconate titanate, barium titanate, hydroxyapatite and aluminum nitride have been made by low-pressure micro-injection molding, with a molding temperature of 60-100°C and an injection pressure of 3-5MPa.
It can be foreseen that with the continuous improvement and development of ceramic injection molding technology, it will become the most advantageous preparation technology for precision ceramic parts.